the big bang theory : evolution of universe

The big bang theory : The evolution of universe

Probably most of us have used or heard of the term "  big bang theory" . this is one of the most critical and promising theories of mankind. It is able to answer the questions like when, why and how everything came into existence. The name itself gestures about something like big explosion. 

The explosion :

The Big Bang is the name given to the big explosion occurred about 14 billion years ago. The whole of the matter that wheresoever exists today was concentrated in a point a thousands of times smaller than a tip of a pin. The explosion filled the every corner of the space. It gave away all the raw materials that caused the formation of each and everything that we know and yet to be known. 

The only thing that is unknown is that what existed prior to the big bang.

The survival :

The big bang threw all the constituents in all the directions at a very thing speed. They went apart. During their journey, several galaxies and other clusters were formed and they are still moving apart at high speed. 

Edwin Hubbel proved that a galaxy's velocity is proportional to it's distance from earth. He also said that the universe is expanding at high speed in all the directions equally. This clarifies the idea that everything was confined in a poin before the explosion.

The explosion resulted in the formation of two importan particles namely matter and antimatter, in a extremely hot environment. Both the particles moved at a high speed. As the environment cooled down, there was a slightest difference between their amounts. Matter was dominant over antimatter. If they were of equal amount, they would have destroyed each other and the universe would never took this shape. 

Nevertheless, we were Lucky enough. 

Now on further cooling, the matter particles started to decay to give new particles called baryons( photons, neutrinos, deutrons etc).

On further cooling, gardens(protons and neutrons) started to exist.

The formation of the first elements of the universe :

 

 

Within 3 minutes of the formation of the universe, a heavy hydrogen isotope was formed as a result of proton neutron reaction. This isotope is called deuterium. Soon tritium was formed as a result of combination of deuterium with a neutron. In the next step, helium nucleus was created on addition of a proton.

But there were still left out else trons, neutrons and protons. These provided the formation of the hydrogen. These two were the first elements of our universe to exist. The Hubble telescope was able to discover the mixture of there two elements in the far located space. This make us believe the hypothesis to be perfect.

Although enough traces have been found in favour of this theory, it is still questioned and challenged by many.

With the latest discoveries its grip is getting more and more stronger.

However we can't say that no new experiment would put down this theory, but so long The Big Bang theory is the best explanation of the evolution the universe.

Feel free to give feedback and suggestions.

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the shape of the universe

The shape of the universe

This is one of the confusing stuff in astronomy which is tough to believe and understand by common man. Practically it ia not possible to move out of the universe and figure out its shape. So we rely on the complicated calculations.

Calculations proposed three curved shapes for our universe. Negative curvature, zero curvature and positive curvature.

Zero curvature shape:


In zero curvature shape, the universe is tow dimensional. Here only lines are possible(parallel and perpendicular).
In this case the universe has only that much mass which is just enough to cause expansion and stop after an infinite amount of time. The rate of expansion of the universe will gradually decrease and finally stop at some infinite instant of time. This means that the universe will expand and will never come back to its previous shape. It will not collapse. This shape is called flat universe(euclidian universe).





Positive curvature shape:


If the universe is of positive curvature, there is more than enough mass to stop the expansion of the universe at present. Here the universe is finite but its ends are infinitely away. Here the expansion of the universe will stop soon and will collapse at high rate( reverse of expansion). Very soon all the bodies in the universe will collide with each other as the space between them will vanish. The universe in this shape is called closed universe.

Negative curvature:


Now, if the universe have a negative curve shape, this is called open universe. Here there is insufficient mass to stop the expansion and the universe will stop forever. Very soon everything in the universe will fall apart.


After years of devoted studies conducted by the scientists, it is found and so long believed that the universe is flat with exact amount of mass having the expected density parameter 1.


For any questions, feedback and suggestions , feel free to comment.

the birth of the moon

The birth of the moon: the cosmic collision theory...

The moon is the the one and only satellite of our planet earth. The moon is also counted among the most favourable destinations for life to nurture but it lacks a sky. Moon has got a very vital role to play in controlling the climate of the earth. So we must know how our own moon have came into its existence.

The birth of the moon is one of the very first researches in the field of astronomy. There developed many theories including asteroid impact and the most believed theory, the theory of the "giant cosmic collision".

The giant cosmic collision:

The Giant Cosmic Collision Theory states that at the very beginning of the formation of our solar system, there were approximately 20 protoplanetes revolving randomly  around the sun at a very high speed. There occurred many bright collisions between many protoplanets and various giant bodies. One of such collision was the collision between the protoearth and the giant body called the Theia. The impact released so much energy that it vapouriswd theia and much of the upper surface of the protoearth. The matter that remained was held by the earths strong attraction and it gathered the matter around it and gradually it became earth's setallite.

This theory unlike the rest was able to establish its trace through the sophisticated experiments conductedon the earth.

I'll be back with my new posts...

Take a break and have time to give a look at our beautiful moon :)

Feel free to comment if you have and suggestion or feedback.

parallel universe theory

The theory of parallel universe:

One f the most debated theory ,the theory of parallel universes States there are many parallel universes which exist simultaneously. Their number can be considered to be infinite.

Very less physists are in support of this theory because a very few nestablishments have been made on this.

The space is so endless that there is a possibility of existence of a number of planets, stars and universes. Intact the number is infinite.we don't see other universes because our cosmic vision is limited by the speed of light. We can only see about 14million light years of distance since this is the age of any light for us.

This area of the visible universe is known as the Hubble volume.

The main idea of the parallel universe is very interesting. Consider a gunman shoots at a bird flying in the sky. Now the bird will be shot in one universe while it will escape in some other universe. Moreover the gunam will not shoot the bird at all in some other universe due to some reason.

So I mean that we are present simultaneouly in many parallel universes doing the same thing with a more or less different way resulting in a different future in each universe.

The tension of the supporters is that the universe is expanding at the rate more than the speed of light and increasing the space between the universes. This reduces the possibilities of contacting the other universes.

I'll be back with more detailed informations ... till then enjoy your imagination... :)